Oncological Surgeries

Breast Cancer and Sentinel Lymph Node Surgery

During the removal of a malignant breast tumor, we also examine the so-called "sentinel" lymph nodes. For the breast, it can be fairly accurately determined which lymph nodes the tumor may spread to from a specific cancerous focus. Locating and examining the first, technically sentinel, lymph node(s) following the tumor is of great significance in determining the progress of the cancer.

Bilateral Ovarian Removal

Bilateral oophorectomy or ovariectomy is a surgical procedure in which both ovaries are removed.

Adnexectomy (salpingo-oophorectomy)

Adnexectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy is a surgical procedure involving the simultaneous removal of the ovary and fallopian tube. This procedure is most commonly performed in confirmed cases of ovarian cancer.

Malignant ovarian tumors are symptom-poor in the early stages, and their presence can only be inferred by vaginal ultrasound and blood tests for tumor markers (CA-125 and HE-4). However, for a confirmed diagnosis, we need to perform an exploratory laparotomy (so-called diagnostic abdominal incision) and analyze the results of the histological sample obtained by the freezing method, which outlines the exact course of the operation. In the case of malignant tumors, the procedure is almost exclusively performed by laparotomy. Depending on the extent of the tumor, the uterus, pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes, and a part of the peritoneum (abdominal lining) may also be removed. In the case of distant metastasis, chemotherapy and radiation may be considered as treatment alternatives, either before or after surgery.

For more detailed information about the possible indications, course, and what you need to know about the procedure, you can read about ovary removal.

Para-aortic Block Dissection

Advanced stages of malignant gynecological tumors (cervical cancer, endometrial/uterine cancer, ovarian cancer) can metastasize to the lymph nodes along the abdominal section of the aorta, the main artery. The removal of these metastases and the tumor organ can be the basis for healing. Paraaortic block dissection and the removal of the tumor-initiating organ are performed simultaneously, within the same surgical framework. For detailed information on how the operation is performed, you can read here in the section about hysterectomy, and in the section on ovary removal on this page.

Complex Gynecological Surgeries

Complex gynecological surgeries refer to those procedures - mostly necessitated for oncological reasons - that involve simultaneous intervention on multiple organs, possibly spanning multiple specialties. In cases of cancer, multiple female reproductive organs can be affected, necessitating, for example, the simultaneous partial removal of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. Moreover, alongside the gynecological primary disease, the digestive tract or the urinary bladder and ureters might also be involved, meaning that the operating surgeon must also be familiar with the surgery of these border areas.

Our gynecological surgeons who perform complex surgeries have considerable professional preparation and experience. They carry out even the most challenging interventions using the most advanced equipment and hospital background.